With the advent of the digital age, the research and application of sports intelligent wearable equipment provides a theoretical and practical reference for the innovation and development of intelligent sports. Employing a methodology of literature review and systematic analysis, the study first focuses on four core technologies: sensing, human-computer interaction, wireless communication & the Internet of Things (IoT), and power supply & energy management. It then explores frontier technological breakthroughs-such as flexible electronics, novel materials, and artificial intelligence-and examines their current applications and potentials in the fields of physical education, competitive training, public health, and athletic rehabilitation.Results: The study finds that:(1) On the technological front, the development focus is on next-generation high-precision miniature sensors, immersive interactive technologies represented by virtual reality, the deep integration of 5G and the IoT, and energy self-sufficiency technologies based on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs).(2) In terms of application, these devices are now widely empowering scenarios such as the real-time optimization of athletic performance, personalized health guidance, and remote rehabilitation monitoring.(3) Regarding challenges, its development still faces several key bottlenecks, including the efficient real-time fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data, the balance between battery life and wearing comfort, data security and user privacy protection, and the lack of an industry-wide standards system.Conclusion: Intelligent wearable sports equipment is a key engine driving the development of smart sports; however, its technological ecosystem and breadth of application still require maturation. In the future, breakthroughs are urgently needed in areas such as indigenous innovation in core technologies, interdisciplinary integration, and the establishment of an industry-wide standards system in order to empower the comprehensive and in-depth development of the field.

Adolescent mental health is related to the cultivation of new people with physical and mental health and all-round development, and is related to the future of the country and the nation. Based on the Chinese data of the survey on adolescents’social and emotional ability carried out by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), this paper uses OLS analysis, KHB method and instrumental variable method to analyze the influence and mechanism of physical exercise on adolescents’mental health. The results show that: 1) Physical exercise can significantly improve the mental health of adolescents, and from the dose effect, moderate physical exercise of 1 hour every day has the most obvious effect on the mental health of adolescents; 2) The results of quantile regression analysis show that the impact of physical exercise on adolescents’mental health has an inverse‘Matthew effect’; 3 ) Mechanism analysis shows that physical health, peer relationship and parent-child interaction have a mediating effect when physical exercise affects adolescent mental health. Among them, physical health has the greatest effect, accounting for 20.00 %, followed by peer relationship, accounting for 10.54 %. In order to further promote“strengthening the heart by physical exercise”, we should pay attention to the role of physical exercise in promoting the mental health of adolescents, adopt hier- archical intervention strategies, and increase parent-child interactive physical exercise activities.

New quality productivity is an important driving force for promoting the high-quality development of the sports industry. To analyze the impact mechanism of new productive forces on the high-quality development of the sports industry, this study constructs a mediating effect model, a threshold effect model, and a spatial spillover effect model based on panel data from 20 provinces in China from 2015 to 2022, and empirically tests the impact mechanism between new quality productivity and high-quality development of the sports industry. The results indicate that new quality productivity significantly affects the high-quality development of the sports industry through technological innovation, digital technology, and green low-carbon technology; Regional innovation capability and rationalization of industrial structure play a positive mediating effect between new quality productivity and sports industry; There is a significant double threshold effect between new quality productivity and high-quality development of the sports industry, and this effect exhibits a U-shaped nonlinear characteristic; The spatial spillover effect indicates that new quality productivity can effectively promote the development of local sports industry, but it has a certain negative impact on adjacent areas. Based on these findings, relevant recommendations are proposed.

Cyberspace has opened up a new field for the dissemination of Wushu culture. However, while it promotes the exchange and dissemination of Wushu culture, it also leads to negative problems such as pseudo-master phenomenon and stigmatization, which have a serious impact on the network dissemination ecology of Wushu culture. In this study, literature research and online field investigation are used to systematically investigate the dilemma and challenges of Wushu culture communication in cyberspace, and to propose a multi-dimensional governance paths. It is found that the current Wushu communication in cyberspace is facing three dilemmas, namely, the polluted network image of the martial arts, the uncontrolled network public opinions of the martial arts, and the deviated network culture of the martial arts. The deep-seated challenges mainly stem from the following aspects: the decentralization of power in the construction of Wushu cyberspace leads to the loss of control of public opinions in Wushu cultural cyberspace; the alienation of mainstream interest distorts the habitus of the audience in Wushu culture cyberspace; the anonymous communication on the Internet leads to the symbolic violence of Wushu culture cyberspace, and the trans-temporal and trans-spatial nature of information results in the lag in the supervision of the Wushu cuture cyberspace. Based on this, this paper puts forward a governance framework from three dimensions: digital technology, public network and management system, aiming at building a healthy communication ecology of Wushu culture cyberspace and promoting the digital inheritance and sustainable development of traditional Wushu culture.

Under the perspective of developing new qality productivity, China’s sporting goods and related products manufacturing industry faces an urgent need to upgrade from traditional manufacturing to intelligent manufacturing. Using literature review, case analysis and qualitative research, this paper deeply explores the bottlenecks and breakthrough paths of “intelligent transformation and digital transition” in China’s sporting goods and related products manufacturing industry. The study found that although the sporting goods industry has made progress in intelligent transformation and digital transition, it still faces challenges in independent technology research and development, capital investment, talent cultivation, management models, and upstream and downstream collaborative digitalization of the industrial chain. Qualitative research reveals that “intelligent transformation and digital transition”promotes the transformation of corporate decision-making from experience-driven to data-driven, the transformation of corporate organizational structures to ward flexibility, and the transformation of employee roles from operators to enablers. Finally, it is proposed that bottlenecks can be broken through by strengthening independent technological innovation, optimizing cost accounting, strengthening financial support, changing talent training methods, innovating management models, promoting industrial chain collaboration, and building business formats.

Purpose: To investigate how college students’positional characteristics in social networks influence the internalization of their exercise motivation, and to reveal the deep mechanism through which social network structure affects motivation formation. Methods: A social network analysis approach was used to survey 384 college students. Interpersonal networkswere constructed using the Social Relationship Questionnaire, and the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) was simultaneously administered to assess motivation types. UCINET 6.0 was used to calculate network centrality indexes, and segmented regression analysis and graph convolutional neural networks were used to identify nonlinear relationships. Results: The network betweenness centrality of internally motivated students (M=0.68) was significantly higher than that of amotivated students (M=0.43), with a significant difference (F=116.43, p<0.001). This implies that internally motivated students play a more prominent “bridge” role in the class, connecting different social circles. Betweenness centrality was the strongest predictor of exercise motivation (β=0.39, p<0.001), and when it exceeded a critical threshould of approximately 0.60, the positive impact of betweenness centrality on individual exercise motivation exhibited an accelerated growth trend. The final graph convolutional network model explained 59% of the variance in the overall exercise motivation score (R²=0.59). Conclusion: Individuals’ “bridge” position in social networks facilitates the internalization of exercise motivation by increasing their abilities to control information and resources, and satisfying their needs for autonomy and competence. This conclusion reveals the theoretical and practical pathways for improving college students’ participation in sports through optimizing social network structures, providing a new perspective for targeted interventions.

Based on panel data from China’s 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) from 2012 to 2021, this study employs a two-way fixed-effects model to empirically examine the impact of the integrated development of the sports and tourism industries on common prosperity, and further analyze the mediating effects, regional heterogeneity, and spatial spillover effects. The results indicate that:1) Regarding the direct effect, the integrated development of the sports and tourism industries in China’s 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government)significantly and positively promotes regional common prosperity in China, and this finding remains robust after addressing endogeneity issues and performingrobustness checks;2) In terms of mediating effects, the integrated development of the sports and tourism industries in China’s 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) facilitates the upgrading of industrial structure, thereby enhancing regional common prosperity in China;3) With respect to regional heterogeneity, the integrated development exerts a significantly positive impact on common prosperity in eastern, central, and western regions of China, with the magnitude of the effect diminishing in the order: eastern regions > western regions> central regions ;4) Concerning spatial spillover effects, the integrated development of sports and tourism industries not only improves common prosperity in sports-tourism destinations,but also benefits their neighboring regions.Based on these findings, relevant recommendations are proposed.

Understanding the formation mechanism of tourists’environmentally responsible behavior plays a crucial role in promoting environmental protection at tourist destinations. This study selected two coastal tourist areas in Hainan Province, which are mainly focused on sports tourism and sightseeing tourism respectively, as the locations for distributing questionnaires. Using Structural Equation modeling(SEM) and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), the study explored the influencing factors and driving mechanisms of environmentally responsible behavior among sports tourists and sightseeing tourists. The results of the study show that: 1）Recreational experience preference and place attachment have a significant positive impact on environmental responsibility behavior. Recreational experience preference have a significant positive impact on place attachment, which also plays a partial mediating role in this process. 2）The recreational experience preference and place attachment of sports tourists have a more significant impact on their environmental responsible behavior. The promoting effect of sports tourists’recreational experience preference on their place attachment is more significant than that of sightseeing tourists. Additionally, the mediating role of place attachment in the relationship between recreational experience preferences and environmentally responsible behavior is more significant for sports tourists than for sightseeing tourists. 3）Eight endogenous factors form three configuration paths for sports tourists’environmentally responsible behavior and six configuration paths for sightseeing tourists’environmentally responsible behavior. 4）The environmentally responsible behavior of sports tourists is mainly characterized by an active emotional-driven mechanism, while that of sightseeing tourists is mainly characterized a more complex and diversified driving mechanism.

As a quintessential economic model for developing new-quality productive forces, the low-altitude economy offers a novel solution to break through the bottlenecks in the transformation and upgrading of the outdoor sports industry.Employing literature research and logical analysis methods, this study examines the underlying mechanisms through which the low-altitude economy facilitates the transformation and upgrading of the outdoor sports industry. Findings reveal:Lagging development of supporting policies for the integrated development of the low-altitude economy and outdoor sports industry, coupled with inadequate support from relevant management systems; Unresolved key technological bottlenecks in the low-altitude economy, with insufficient adaptability of these technologies for applications in the outdoor sports industry; Mismatched infrastructure deployment in the low-altitude economy sector with the needs of the outdoor sports industry, and a shortage of specialized talent for low-altitude sports is scarce; Underdeveloped consumer market cultivation mechanisms for low-altitude sports products or services, leading to insufficient depth of integration between the low-altitude economy and the outdoor sports industry; Incomplete legal and regulatory framework for low-altitude sports, and weak capabilities for preventing and controlling low-altitude flight safety risks. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, efforts should focus on systematically enhancing the enabling role of the low-altitude economy in the transformation and upgrading of the outdoor sports industry. This includes improving relevant supporting policies, focusing on key technologies for low-altitude sports, coordinating the planning of low-altitude flight airspace infrastructure, establishing robust market cultivation mechanisms for low-altitude sports, and refining the legal and regulatory framework for low-altitude sports.

Objective: To investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) combined with squat training on lower limb strength and anaerobic power in healthy adults. Methods： Thirty adults with extensive resistance training experience were selected to undergo two interventions randomly. composite training group (a-tDCS + resistance training, n=15) and single resistance training group (n=15). Both groups performed back barbell squat training twice a week for 5 weeks. The combined training group received 20-minutes a-tDCS intervention (current: 2mA) before each squat training session. A two-factor repeated-measures analysis of variance (intervention mode × test time) was used to compare the differences in squat 1 repetition maximum (1 RM) and lower extremity anaerobic work metrics, including peak power (PP), average power (AP), and power decline (PD), before and after interventions. Results: 1) After the 5-week training intervention, the 1RM performance of both groups was significantly improved compared with the pre-test (p<0.05), and the improvement of in 1RM squat performance in the composite training group was significantly better than that of the single training group (p<0.05); 2) no differences of PP, AP, FI between the pre and post-tests of the two groups were found to reach the level of significance (p>0.05). Conclusions: a-tDCS combined with resistance training is more effective in enhancing lower limb muscle strength than resistance training alone and a-tDCS can be used as an auxiliary training method to efficiently improve lower limb maximal strength in healthy adults.

The Chinese Basketball Events System serves as a crucial vehicle and key instrument for the high-quality development of Chinese basketball. Its sound operation and coordinated development stand as important indicators for the revitalization of the football, basketball and volleyball, and the construction of a leading sports nation. Using literature review and logical analysis, this study examines the developmental trajectory, functional orientations, and practical challenges of Chinese basketball events since the founding of the Communist Party of China, analyzes current structural deficiencies, and proposes improvement strategies suited to emerging trends. The research ide.jpgies five developmental stages: the embryonic stage and team establishment, initial development and temporary suspension, restoration and system reconstruction, exploration of professionalization and preliminary system formation, and structural optimization and global alignment. Functionally, the system has evolved through distinct phases，includingserving wartime needs and uniting military-civilian sectors, fostering national identity and cultural development, facilitating international exchange and diplomatic engagement, highlighting economic functions and promoting national fitness, and supporting comprehensive social development and diversified demands. Meanwhile, the study finds that China's current basketball event system is confronted with such practical challenges as insufficient horizontal coordination mechanisms, missing key structural elements, inadequate vertical talent mobility channels, and lagging domestic and international exchange mechanisms. To meet comprehensive societal demands and adapt to future development trends, this paper proposes the following optimization pathways, as integrating competition classification and accreditation with multi-system tournament structures, expanding regional events and optimizing competition hierarchies, restructuring talent mobility and advancement channels, and strengthening international exchange mechanisms while fostering innovation in local basketball culture.

To explore the research hotspots and development trends of the Olympic Movement, this study takes the relevant literatures indexed in two Chinese and foreign literature databases as the analytical basis, and uses CiteSpace software to conduct a visual analysis of the above-mentioned Chinese and English documents. The research findings are as follows: 1) In terms of publication quantity, English literatures on the Olympic Movement appeared earlier and have shown a relatively steady increase in publication volume, while Chinese literatures emerged later, with the quantity surging to a peak in 2008 and gradually declining after the event; 2) In terms of publication countries and institutions, the United States has the largest number of publications, followed by China; scholars from European countries dominate the theoretical research of the Olympic Movement, while scholars from Middle Eastern countries have emerged prominently; 3) In terms of research hotspots and evolutionary pathways, Chinese literatures focus on the connotations and its related concepts of the Olympic Movement, the Olympic Games, Olympic culture, and the Olympic spirit, emphasizing the connection between Olympic culture and China’s local sports practice, English literatures explore multi-faceted perspectives from a global view, with research themes reflecting interdisciplinary and multi-directional characteristics; 4)In terms of research frontiers, Chinese and English literatures share commonalities but also have different focuses. Finally, based on the national strategy of constructing a sports power nation, suggestions are proposed from the perspectives of theoretical construction, academic practice, and policy transformation.

After analyzing via literature research, case analysis and other methods, it is found that the application of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in the sports competition and performance industry will have a significant impact on the generation mechanism of sports event content, the enhancement mechanism of viewing experience, the optimization mechanism of event marketing, and the innovation mechanism of business models. However, there are several practical challenges in the application of GenAI in this industry. Specifically, GenAI’s illusions and algorithmic biases conflict with the fairness and authenticity of sports competitions; data sensitivity and insufficient computing power hinder the sustainable application of GenAI in the sports competition performance industry; the shortage and lag in the cultivating compound talents with interdisciplinary backgrounds in AI and sports restrict the high-quality broadcasting of events; and excessive reliance on GenAI technology and an excessive pursuit of its efficiency will exert negative impacts on the industry. Based on this, countermeasures are proposed for the application of GenAI in the sports competition and performance industry, including algorithm correction and illusion suppression, data security governance and computing power development, the cultivation of compound talents with interdisciplinary backgrounds in AI and sports, and the inno vation of human-machine collaboration mechanisms.

Objective: To explore the intrinsic motivational mechanisms underlying university students’exercise adherence, investigate the interactive effects between academic stress and psychological locus of control, with particular focus on moderating mechanisms and feedback effects, thereby providing theoretical support for targeted exercise interventions in higher education.Methods: A “psychological-behavioral closed-loop” model incorporating moderating pathways and feedback pathways was constructed and analyzed using Enhanced Fuzzy Cognitive Map methodology. Questionnaires were administered to 374 university students across five institutions in Zhejiang Province. Dynamic causal relationships among variables were examined through empirical validation, sensitivity analysis, path ablation experiments, and interaction subgroup analysis.Results: 1) Academic stress was significantly negatively correlated with exercise adherence (r=-0.315, p< 0.01). 2) Both psychological resilience (r= 0.597, p <0.01) and time management ability (r= 0.556, p<0.01) were significantly positively correlated with exercise adherence. 3) The moderating pathway weight of psychological resilience was 0.169, while that of time management ability was 0.098. 4) The sensitivity coefficient of academic stress was -0.014, indicating a significant inhibitory effect, whereas the sensitivity coefficients of psychological resilience and time management ability were 0.020 and 0.021 respectively, indicating significant facilitative effects. 5) Under high academic stress conditions, the exercise adherence level after system convergence in the complete Enhanced Fuzzy Cognitive Map model reached 3.898. 6) Across different academic stress levels, predicted exercise adherence values from the model with feedback pathways consistently exceeded those from the model without feedback pathways. 7) Participants with different combinations of psychological resilience and time management ability exhibited differences in exercise adherence; notably, those with high psychological resilience and low time management ability showed a significant positive correlation between academic stress and exercise adherence (r = 0.536, p= 0.012, n= 21).Conclusions: 1) The feedback pathways from exercise adherence to psychological locus of control exerted greater effects on the individualsystems than the moderating pathways from psychological locus of control to exercise adherence, indicating that exercise adherence is not merely an overt outcome of psychological locus of control but also a critical source for its self-consistency. 2) Combinations of psychological locus of control exhibited nonlinear interactive effects; particularly, the“reverse compensation effect”observed in participants with high psychological resilience and low time management ability suggests that under certain configurations of psychological locus of control, academic stress may be transformed into motivation for exercise adherence. 3) The Enhanced Fuzzy Cognitive Map model effectively analyzed the complex dynamic characteristics of psychological-behavioral interactions, achieving quantitative analysis of nonlinear relationships (model predictive validity: r = 0.469, p< 0.001).

Chinese Intangible cultural heritage is an important vehicle for demonstrating China’s cultural soft power. Adopting methods such as literature research method and field investigation, and taking ShiSuo Sport as a case study, this research explores the longitudinal historica linheritance context and the horizontal social network extension logicinvolved in the transmission of ShiSuo Sport as intangible cultural heritage, based on Actor-Network Theory. The findings show that, rooted in agrarian civilization, the ShiSuo sport has undergone stages of development including emergence, disappearance, and revitalization, and has exhibited a trend of high-quality development along the longitudinal temporal dimension. Horizontally, it has formed a law and policy-oriented, core actor-centered concentric-circle structure of inheritance and development that expands layer by layer from the inside out, namely: core actors, active actors, auxiliary actors, and potential actors, with the outer two layersof inheritors undergoing dynamic transformation.. On this basis, practical implications are proposed to promote the high-quality development of ShiSuo Sport.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the differences in brain activation and neurovascular coupling induced by three learning strategies-action observation, motor imagery, and action performance-during the acquisition of basketball shooting skills. Methods: A single-factor experimental design was employed. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS) and electroencephalography(EEG) were used to analyze changes in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration and alpha wave power in 35 participants while they applied the three learning strategies(action observation, motor imagery, and action performance) during a basketball shooting learning task. Results: 1) The action performance strategy activated the most extensive brain regions, particularly the left primary motor cortex, bilateral somatosensory association cortex, and right frontopolar area, with significantly greater hemodynamic responses compared to action observation and motor imagery. 2) The action observation strategy elicited significantly greater activation in the left frontopolar area and primary motor cortex than motor imagery; whereas motor imagery only significantly activated the right orbitofrontal gyrus. 3) Functional connectivity analysis revealed that the action performance group exhibited significantly stronger functional connectivity than the action observation group in the right somatosensory association cortex-orbitofrontal gyrus, primary motor cortex-left frontopolar area, and orbitofrontal gyrus-frontopolar area connections. 4) EEG analysis showed that the action observation group had significantly higher alpha wave power in the bilateral frontal lobes compared to the other two groups. 5) Neurovascular coupling analysis indicated that the action performance strategy elicited the most pronounced coupling between neuronal activity and hemodynamic responses in the parietal and frontal lobes. Conclusion: 1) The action performance learning strategy deeply engages the closed-loop process of motor execution by extensively activating the motor cortex, somatosensory areas, and forming efficient synergies with the prefrontal cortical network. 2) Action observation and motor imagery rely on distinct neural pathways. 3) The neural correlates of motor skill learning strategies exhibit both commonalities and specificities at the levels of motor perception and motor execution.

The construction of a sports event system with Chinese characteristics is in line with the basic positioning of the strategy of building a strong sports nation, and is of great significance for leading the development of competitive sports events, meeting the sports needs of the people, promoting youth sports health, and promoting the promotion of excellent traditional Chinese sports culture. Research suggests that the Chinese characteristic sports event system is constructed by two major systems: the category system and the composition system. Among them, the category system involves the competitive sports event system, the mass sports event system, and the youth sports event system; The composition system involves hierarchical system, organizational management system, market system, and guarantee system. On this basis, a collaborative mechanism for building a sports event system with Chinese characteristics will be constructed around five dimensions: goals, resources, information, feedback, and configuration. Based on this, an innovative path is proposed: further clarifying the functional positioning of the competitive sports event system and enhancing its value leading role; Optimize the supply of mass sports event services and promote the universal sharing of mass sports event services; Establishing a talent training chain that connects the youth sports event system and improving the mechanism for deep integration of sports and education; Improve the mechanism of hierarchical coordination and resource integration, and enhance the adaptability between the levels of the sports event system; Establish a list of responsibilities for the organizational management system and build a collaborative governance model for diverse social units; Differentiated development of the commercial value of sports events, enhancing the overall value of sports events; Optimize institutional safeguards and long-term mechanisms to form a sustainable sports event system.

Promoting the high-quality development of youth sports is a foundational project for accelerating the construction of a strong sports nation, a robust education system, and a Healthy China, as well as a crucial pillar in achieving the strategic goal of national rejuvenation. From a systems theory perspective, an “element-structure-function” analytical framework reveals that the high-quality development of youth sports is a dynamic evolutionary process characterized by optimized resource allocation, efficient structural operation, and enhanced functional performance. The study ide.jpgies systemic challenges in China’s current youth sports development: at the element level, imbalanced resource allocation in human, material, financial, and knowledge-skill resources; at the structural level, bottlenecks such as fragmented policy implementation, superficial integration of sports and education, weak coordination among diverse stakeholders, and a lack of scie.jpgic evaluation systems; and at the functional level, constrained individual competence enhancement, biased social value perception, and inadequate training of national reserve talents, all leading to overall efficacy decline. To address these issues, breakthrough pathways are proposed, including optimizing resource allocation to strengthen the foundation of system development, innovating structural coordination mechanisms to enhance operational efficiency, and reinforcing functional value realization to unleash the system’s overall efficacy.

Circadian rhythms exert a potential and non-negligible effect on athletes' competitive performance.. Understanding the mechanisms underlying circadian regulation and formulating corresponding regulation strategies are critical for optimizing training quality and athletic outcomes. This study systematically expounds the mechanism by which circadian rhythms regulate athletic performance, for example, circadian rhythms exert a potential impact on athletic performance by affecting the fluctuations of body temperature, metabolism and neuromuscular function, regulating alertness, attention and cognitive function, influencing subjective fatigue, and affecting the adaptability to cross-time zone competitions. Accordingly, the following pre-competition optimization strategies are proposed: (1) To optimize training effects, factors such as age, gender, genetics and birth season should be comprehensively considered; training schedules should be matched with the peak period of physiological rhythms as precisely as possible, while taking into account the interactive effects of cognitive function fluctuations and circadian rhythm sensitivity. (2) For cross-time zone competitions before the game, a systematic pre-competition competitive state adjustment plan should be formulated, including travel process management, post-arrival adaptation and personalized intervention; body temperature regulation methods should be fully utilized to alleviate the negative effects of circadian rhythms and promote peak performance; wearable devices can be combined with a.jpgicial intelligence to monitor and analyze athletes' athletic performance, grasp the law of circadian rhythms affecting athletic performance, and realize dynamic assessment and precise regulation of circadian rhythm adaptability. Future research should deepen the application of biological monitoring technology and mathematical models in the monitoring of athletes' circadian rhythm adaptability changes and body temperature, so as to improve the refinement of personalized programs.

Objective: To investigate the effects of micro hyperbaric oxygen intervention on physiological recovery and subsequent anaerobic performance after high-intensity exercise. Methods: A randomized crossover design was used to conduct two intervention experiments in 11 participants, with a one-week washout period set between experiments to minimize potential carryovereffects from the previous intervention. During the experimental period, participants completed two Wingate Anaerobic Tests (WAnT 1 and 2) with a 60minute interval between tests. During this interval, they were randomly assigned to receive either normobaricnormoxia (NN: 1.0 ATA, 20.93% O₂) or microhyperbaric oxygen (MH: 1.3 ATA, 40% O₂) for 60 minutes. Following each WAnT, peak power (P_P), mean power (P_M), maximal heart rate (HR_max), peak blood lactate concentration (BLa_peak), percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation (SpO₂), and ratings of perceived exertionwere recorded. Throughout the intervention, heart rate (HR), blood lactate concentration (BLa), and SpO₂ were measured every 10 minutes. Additionally, at the end of the intervention, the perceived recovery (PR) scale was used to assess the physiological recovery status. The experimental data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (M ± SD), and the paired-samples t-test was used to compare within-group differences. Temporal variations in physiological parameters during the intervention were analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA (condition × time), and the statistical significance level was set at p< 0.05. Results: 1) Under normobaricnormoxic conditions, the mean power output during the second Wingate anaerobic test was significantly lower than that during the first Wingate test (p< 0.05, d = 0.51); 2) under micro-hyperbaric oxygen conditions, no significant difference in mean power output was observed between the two Wingate anaerobic tests (p = 0.83); 3) blood lactate concentration and percutaneous arterialoxygen saturation differed significantly between the micro-hyperbaric oxygen and normobaricnormoxic conditions following the intervention (p< 0.05); and 4) the rating of perceived fatigue was significantly lower under the micro-hyperbaric oxygen condition than under the normobaricnormoxic condition (p< 0.05), whereas no significant differences were observed in post-exercise maximal heart rate or heart rate during the intervention between the two conditions (p> 0.05).Conclusion: Micro-hyperbaric oxygen intervention following high-intensity exerciseaccelerate blood lactate clearance, increasepercutaneous arterial oxygen saturation, andeffectively alleviate subjective fatigue, thereby facilitatingphysiological recovery and helping maintain subsequent anaerobic performance.

Using research methods such as literature analysis and logical reasoning, this study explores the mechanisms and practical challenges of how youth and artificial intelligence collaboratively develop Chinese sports modernization, Chinese, and proposes digital technology-driven pathways. Based on the theory of collaborative innovation, the study finds that the mechanisms of AI technology empowerment, scenario application, participatory innovation, and value cocreation collectively constitute the operational mechanism for youth andAI to collaboratively develop Chinese sports modernization. However, in practical implementation, challengesinclude: privacy leakage and ethical risks caused by problematic data governance, structural inequalities reinforced by algorithmic bias, the erosion of youth subjectivity and the decline of their cognitive capacities due to overreliance on AI technology, as well as the adaptive challenges of internet-based sports services and intergenerational imbalance among participants. Based on these findings, the study proposes four key technology-driven pathways: first, adaptive adjustment of institutions， improvement of the sports governance framework under digital technology, and improvement of youth innovation mechanisms; second, strengthening the digital intelligence resilience of sports education to reshape the cognitive pathways of sports-major youth in the new era of 21st century; third, establishing a multi-stakeholder linkage mechanism involving governments, sports social organizations, and youth and collaboratively creating an innovative environment for sports AI; fourth, strengthening the construction of data infrastructure to consolidate the security foundation for the collaborative innovation of youth and sports AI.

To analyze the deep-seated reasons for the long-standing phenomenon of “like Wushu but don’t like taking Wushu classes”in Wushu classrooms, and to solve the dilemma of the development of school Wushu education that has long plagued the academic community. Through research methods such as literature review, on-site investigation, and expert interviews, this study analyzes that the core reason for the phenomenon of “like Wushu but don’t like taking Wushu classes” in current Wushu classrooms is the significant gap between the standardized teaching mode of the curriculum and learners’idealized cognition of Wushu. That is, the cultural charm and combat value of Wushu itself have not been transformed into students’peak experience through classroom design. It is found that the mechanism that affects the generation of peak experience in the classroom is due to the lack of design for three-dimensional nodes such as transformation events, milestone events, and valley events in Wushu classrooms. Therefore, from the perspective of behavioral design, design strategies for creating peak experiences in Wushu classrooms are proposed: design strategies for joyful moments of sensory awakening in Wushu classrooms; design strategies for glory moments to enhance self-efficacy in Wushu classrooms; cognitive moment design strategies for enhancing psychological resilience in Wushu classrooms; design strategies for connecting moments in the construction of group identity in Wushu classrooms.

With the development of New Quality Productivity, the sports industry in the Pearl River Delta has ushered in new opportunities for development, and also faces new challenges. In this context, it is necessary to explore the symbiotic mechanism and mutual promotion paths between New Quality Productivity and the sports industry in the Pearl River Delta. An analysis of their interaction demonstrates the importance of resource sharing, technological cooperation and talent cultivation. From the analysis results, it is found that there is an internal relationship between New Quality Productivity and the sports industry in the Pearl River Delta, including resource sharing and mutual benefit, promoting technology transfer and innovative cooperation, which constitutes the basic condition for the formation of symbiotic mechanism. The mutual promotion pathsare based on policy support and government guidance, the construction of industrial alliances, the cooperation between scie.jpgic research institutions and enterprises, and the optimization of talent training and introduction mechanism.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically quantify the dose-response relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms among children and adolescents, identify the optimal intervention dose range, and provide both theoretical and practical guidance for developing evidence-based, individualized exercise strategies. Methods: A systematic search of international and Chinese databases was conducted from database inception to September 20, 2025. Studies were screened in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 46 eligible studies involving 4,143 participants were included. Bayesian meta-analysis, publication bias assessment, subgroup analyses, meta-regression, and dose-response analyses were performed using R 4.4.3. Results: Physical activity significantly reduced depressive symptoms in children and adolescents (Hedges’ g=-0.46, 95% CrI [-0.51, -0.41]). Subgroup analyses indicated stronger effects for team-based activities (Hedges’ g=-0.59), moderate intensity (Hedges’ g=-0.56), frequency 5-7 sessions per week (Hedges’ g=-0.44), session duration of 30-60 minutes (Hedges’ g=-0.57), and intervention periods of 8-12 weeks (Hedges’ g=-0.72). Dose-response analysis revealed a significant nonlinear association between physical activity and improvements in depressive symptoms, with an optimal dose of 820 METs·min/week (Hedges’ g=-0.90) and a recommended dose range of 520-1180 METs·min/week. Conclusion: Physical activity interventions can significantly alleviate depressive symptoms in children and adolescents, with effects following a U-shaped nonlinear dose-response relationship. Structured programs emphasizing moderate-intensity team-based activities, conducted 5-7 times per week for 30-60 minutes per session over 8-12 weeks, within a recommended dose range of 520-1 180 MET·min/week， may yield optimal benefits, with approximately 820 MET·min/week representing the optimal intervention dose. However, specific intervention protocols should be individually tailored according to participants’ physical condition and emotional characteristics.

During the pandemic, the establishment of National Sports Consumption Pilot Cities was aimed at fostering new drivers of sports consumption and helping sports enterprises maintain stable development and weather the crisis. This study selected sports industry-related companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share markets in China from 2016 to 2023 as its sample and used the difference-in-differences method to examine the impact and mechanisms of the National Sports Consumption Pilot City policy on the resilience of local sports enterprises. The results reveal that: 1) the National Sports Consumption Pilot City policy significantly enhances the resilience of local sports enterprises, a conclusion that remains valid after a series of robustness tests; 2) the mechanism analysis indicates that the policy enhances the resilience of sports enterprises by increasing innovation activity in the urban sports industry, strengthening digital peer effects, and alleviating financing constraints; 3) Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the impact of the National Sports Consumption Pilot City policy on sports enterprise resilience varies across regions and sectors, with a stronger promotional effect on resilience in the eastern region, as well as in high-tech and manufacturing sectors.

To address the problems of general large language models existing in the generation of sports and fitness knowledge, such as low domain adaptation accuracy and poor timeliness of rule-based responses, this paper constructs an accurate knowledge response and intelligent generation mechanism for the sports and fitness domain. A specialized knowledge base for sports and fitness is built. By leveraging the Chroma vector database and the BGE embedding model, and integrating the LangChain framework with aquantized casual language model (DeepSeek-R1-Distill), millisecond-level semantic retrieval and efficient inference are achieved. To enhance the professionalism of generated content and its alignment with user preferences, a dual-strategy optimization framework combining reinforcement learning from human feedback and proximal policy optimization (RLHF+PPO) is designed. A joint loss function is employed to dynamically balance knowledge accuracy and user preference alignment. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves a retrieval accuracy of 91.3% and a generation accuracy of 86.7%, with the preference score increasing to 4.23 and the BLEU-4 metric improving to 78.6%. The system is capable of generating professional fitness recommendations that incorporate personalized parameters and risk warnings. The proposed approach provides a practical paradigm for deploying quantizedmodels in vertical sports and fitness domains and offers a reusable quantization-based technical pathway for the deep integration of sports science and technology and artificial intelligence, promoting more precise content generation by intelligent question-answering systems for sports and fitness

Empowering older adults through sports and wellness is an effective means to promote their physical health and facilitate the transition from “elderly care” to “healthy aging”. the study deeply explores the internal logic and practical challenges of sports and wellness in enhancing older adults’ health literacy of the elderly from the perspective of population aging, and proposes promotion strategies. The analysis concludes: 1) The internal logic of this empowerment process encompasses three interrelated dimensions-demand logic, cognitive logic, and practical logic; 2) The practical difficulties are reflected in the prominent mismatch between the supply of and demand for sports and wellness services for older adults, insufficient intellectual support for enhancing older adults’ health literacy through sports and wellness, and a lack of integrated sports and wellness services. Based on this, it is proposed: 1) addressing supply-demand imbalances by strengthening the dissemination of methods and practical experience in enhancing older adults’ health literacy through sports and wellness ; 2) reinforcing intellectual support by establishing a multi-stakeholder social mobilization mechanism; 3) improving service delivery by refining policies and measures for enhancing older adults’ health literacy through sports and wellness.

How a professional sports club evolves from a competitive organization into a city symbol is an important issue at the intersection of urban culture and sport governance. Adopting a discourse analysis perspective, this article proposes an analytical framework of three discourse mechanisms-embedding, symbolization, and identification-and applies it to the case of Shanghai Shenhua Football Club, drawing on a content analysis of valid texts from the Weibo platform. The findings are as follows: (1) The embedding mechanism addresses how the club enters urban public discourse. The club achieves discursive embedding through topic-selective city associations and bridging nodes, exhibiting a phased upward trend over the study period. (2) The symbolization mechanism addresses how the club is invested with urban emotions and values. Three types of urban narratives-belonging, pride, and place-endow the club with symbolic meaning, underpinned by a high degree of emotional engagement. (3) The identification mechanism addresses how symbolic meaning translates into urban identity. Through first-person pronouns and spatial markers such as “home ground,” the public enacts identity work in everyday language, lending the symbolic relationship enduring social-psychological support. The three discourse mechanisms reinforce one another, jointly accounting for the discursive process through which the club becomes a city symbol. The club’s capacity for such symbolic production, this article argues, derives from its simultaneous fulfillment of three conditions: high frequency, high emotionality, and high locality. On this basis, the article offers recommendations for strengthening club-city relations.

Objective: To explore the kinematic data of full-swing body motion in top-ranked elite male golfersfrom around the world, summarize the technical characteristics and Kinematics principles of their full swing, and construct a three-dimensional kinematic model of the elite male golfer’s full swing. Methods: Based on AIGolf video recognition technology, the videos of 15elite male playersfrom around the world was analyzed. Result: 1)In terms of static standing posture, the spine leans forward by 34.07°±2.79°towards the“+” direction of the Y axis and tilts by -4.00°±1.13°towards the“-”direction of the x axis. The shoulder line and hip line are parallel to the target direction of the x axis. The upper limb system, with the left arm (F₁: 176.07°±2.34°) and right arm(F₂: 164.67°±4.35°) naturally hanging down, forms an angle of 39.87°±3.89° with the spine. The lower limb system, with the left knee (x₁: 154.93°±4.37°, y₁: 3.27°±3.77°) and right knee (x₂: 153.00°±5.03°, y₂: -1.27°±4.15°) moderately bent, forms an angle of 129.00°±4.81° between the spine and thigh, with the centers of gravity of the left and right feet evenly distributed; 2)In terms of dynamic stability, there were significant differences in the trunk spine tilt angle (B₂) between P5 and P1 positions (p<0.001), as well as significant differences in the lower limb system’s spine-thigh angle (L), left knee flexion angle (x₁), right knee offset angle (y₂), and center of gravity distribution (z₁/z₂) (p<0.05). There were also significant differences in the upper limb system’s forearm-shaft angle (V₁) and right arm flexion angle (F₂) (p<0.001); 3)In terms of dynamic rotational force, the effective working angles of the shoulders and hips are 249.33°±16.32°and 114.93°±17.89°, respectively, with effective working powers of 67.30% and 63.33%, respectively. Conclusion: A three-dimensional kinematic model of the elite male golfer’s full swing was constructed. The model includes the lower-limb system (knee joints G₁/G₂), the trunk system (hip joints K₁/K₂, shoulder joints D₁/D₂), and the upper-limb system (elbow joints E₁/E₂), providing reference for AI recognition and optimization research on golf full swing movements.