The development of youth sports is crucial to the construction of an education powerhouse, a sports powerhouse, and a Healthy China, and has long been a priority for the Communist Party of China and the Chinese government. Based on policies issued since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China to strengthen youth sports and guided by General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important discourses on sports, this study analyzes the contemporary demands for high-quality development of youth sports in China from four dimensions: systematic planning, integration of sports and education, innovation-driven approaches, and enhancement of sports literacy. The research identifies persistent challenges in China’s youth sports development: 1) Inadequate implementation efficiency of school sports policies, weak improvement in teaching quality, incomplete safety mechanisms, and insufficient foundational role of school sports; 2) Persistent conflicts between academic and athletic training, insufficient integration of competitions, poor coordination in cultivating competitive reserve talents, and incomplete integration of sports and education; 3) Lack of family participation in collaborative governance, limited coordination capacity of sports social organizations, and low effectiveness of collaborative governance; 4) Uneven resource allocation and regional disparities in youth sports development between urban and rural areas. The study proposes strategies to address these issues: strengthening the educational function of school sports to consolidate the foundation of youth sports development; deepening the integration of sports and education to establish a multi-stakeholder collaborative governance mechanism; and developing new quality productive forces to empower high-quality youth sports development through technological innovation.

Addressing the challenge of quality and balanced development of physical education in primary and secondary schools and effectively improving students’physical fitness are central issues in the ongoing reform of physical education in China. Employing literature review, logical analysis, and textual analysis methods, this paper takes the policy of the“Several Measures on Further Strengthening Physical Education in Primary and Secondary Schools in the New Era”as the entry point, and systematically reviews the progress, problems, and development of physical education in Chinese primary and secondary schools in recent years. The findings indicate that China’s school physical education has seen continuous improvement in top-level design, strengthened school conditions and teaching staff, ongoing curriculum reform and sports activities, steady enhancement of students’physical fitness, and increasing integration of sports and education as well as improved home-school-community collaboration mechanisms. However, prominent challenges remain, such as regional disparities, inadequate implementation of the“health first” concept, insufficient guarantee of physical activity time, lack of diversification in teaching content, weak enforcement and insufficient traction in school sports evaluation, and limited effectiveness of home-school-community collaboration. Moving forward, it is recommended to fully implement student physical fitness enhancement programs, gradually increase physical activity time, improve the quality and effectiveness of physical activity, widely organize sports events, enhance physical fitness monitoring and evaluation, and strengthen the supportive resource for physical education in schools.

With the advent of the digital age, the research and application of sports intelligent wearable equipment provides a theoretical and practical reference for the innovation and development of intelligent sports. Employing a methodology of literature review and systematic analysis, the study first focuses on four core technologies: sensing, human-computer interaction, wireless communication & the Internet of Things (IoT), and power supply & energy management. It then explores frontier technological breakthroughs-such as flexible electronics, novel materials, and artificial intelligence-and examines their current applications and potentials in the fields of physical education, competitive training, public health, and athletic rehabilitation.Results: The study finds that:(1) On the technological front, the development focus is on next-generation high-precision miniature sensors, immersive interactive technologies represented by virtual reality, the deep integration of 5G and the IoT, and energy self-sufficiency technologies based on triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs).(2) In terms of application, these devices are now widely empowering scenarios such as the real-time optimization of athletic performance, personalized health guidance, and remote rehabilitation monitoring.(3) Regarding challenges, its development still faces several key bottlenecks, including the efficient real-time fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data, the balance between battery life and wearing comfort, data security and user privacy protection, and the lack of an industry-wide standards system.Conclusion: Intelligent wearable sports equipment is a key engine driving the development of smart sports; however, its technological ecosystem and breadth of application still require maturation. In the future, breakthroughs are urgently needed in areas such as indigenous innovation in core technologies, interdisciplinary integration, and the establishment of an industry-wide standards system in order to empower the comprehensive and in-depth development of the field.

Ice and snow tourism has increasingly influenced regional economic development and the global tourism market, but research on ice and snow tourism exhibits a generalized characteristic, warranting attention. Relevant literature was retrieved from commonly used Chinese and foreign literature databases, and the methods such as bibliometrics were employed to analyze the selected documents. Following a logical progression of "concept identification -feature summarization-context tracing-framework construction-proposal of future directions", the analysis and review encompassed the concept ice-snow tourism, the evolution of ice-snow tourism research, and key reseach themes. A theory-Antecedents-Behavior-Consequences (TABC) integration framework was constructed. It is found that the research on ice and snow tourism at home and abroad has shown steady growth, and the themes that foreign scholars focus on are stimulating tourism demand, global climate change, and sustainable development of the industry, while the content of domestic scholars' research reflects the evolution of resource development, industrial integration and industrial upgrading. Foreign research is influenced by industrial practice and tourists' behavior, and is dominated by quantitative research and case studies; domestic research is influenced by policy stimulation and tournament drive, and the research trend gradually shifts from macro perspective to micro exploration. Finally, the future research directions are proposed concerning theme expansion, theoretical integration and methodological innovation of ice and snow tourism, aiming to advance the construction of its theoretical system.

Adolescent health promotion is an important national strategy, which concerns the quality of future human capital and the sustainable development of society. At present, Chinese adolescents face multiple health risks and challenges, reflecting deficiencies in the current health governance model in terms of governance mechanisms, resource allocation, and behavioral guidance. Taking Social Action Theory as the analytical framework, this study focuses on the functional logic and practical mechanisms of PE-health integration in adolescent health promotion, and clarifies its key elements and their interrelationships. In view of the practical problems still facing PE-health integration, such as underdeveloped interdepartmental coordination mechanisms, an unclear health goal system, mismatches between the supply and demand of resources and services, and weak support from health culture. It is necessary to promote the transformation of PE-health integration from concept to practice, it requires improving the collaborative action system among multiple actors to enhance system integration efficiency; establishing a progressive health goal system to ensure the continuity and tiered development of goal guidance; increasing the efficiency of resource allocation and the quality of service provision to enhance supply-demand alignment; and accelerating the practical transformation of health knowledge and culture to improve adolescents’health cognition and behavioral capacity.

Adolescent mental health is related to the cultivation of new people with physical and mental health and all-round development, and is related to the future of the country and the nation. Based on the Chinese data of the survey on adolescents’social and emotional ability carried out by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), this paper uses OLS analysis, KHB method and instrumental variable method to analyze the influence and mechanism of physical exercise on adolescents’mental health. The results show that: 1) Physical exercise can significantly improve the mental health of adolescents, and from the dose effect, moderate physical exercise of 1 hour every day has the most obvious effect on the mental health of adolescents; 2) The results of quantile regression analysis show that the impact of physical exercise on adolescents’mental health has an inverse‘Matthew effect’; 3 ) Mechanism analysis shows that physical health, peer relationship and parent-child interaction have a mediating effect when physical exercise affects adolescent mental health. Among them, physical health has the greatest effect, accounting for 20.00 %, followed by peer relationship, accounting for 10.54 %. In order to further promote“strengthening the heart by physical exercise”, we should pay attention to the role of physical exercise in promoting the mental health of adolescents, adopt hier- archical intervention strategies, and increase parent-child interactive physical exercise activities.

The study employs the literature reseach method, mathematical statistics method, and logical analysis method, to review the evolutionary process of undergraduate program setup in sports disciplines in China's private colleges, and to analyze its epochal characteristics and future trends. The findings indicate that since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the development of undergraduate programs in sport disciplines in China's private colleges can be divided into four phases: the embryonic period, the slow development period, the initial standardization period, and the deepening and improvement period. These phases are characterized by a continuous increase in the number of program offerings, a convergence in program structures, and an unbalanced distribution of disciplinary structures across different types of colleges. In the context of socialism with Chinese characteristics entering a new era, the setting of undergraduate sports disciplines in China's private colleges will exhibit the following trends: 1) the number of emerging undergraduate majors will increase, and cross-discipinary undergraduate programs will emerge; 2) undergraduate sports majors will be established by integrating regional advantages and meet the industrial demands; 3) the characteristics of internationalized education will be highlighted.

Using 44 representative sports enterprises listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share markets from 2011 to 2022 as the data sample, a spatial difference-in-differences model was employed to analyze the relationship between the “National Sports Consumption Pilot Cities” policy and the level of new quality productive forces in sports enterprises..The empirical results reveal that, the policy helps sports enterprises in pilot cities increase their new-quality productive forces by 2.00%, and it not only affects sports enterprises in pilot cities but also those in neighboring cities; this correlation remains valid after placebo tests and robustness tests. Enterprise digital innovation serves as a partial mediator, accounting for 35.5% in this correlation. Under the influence of this policy, the new-quality productivity of sample enterprises has diffused from China's southeastern coastal areas to the western and northern regions, with an increasingly expanding geographical distribution range. These findings not only deepen understanding of new-quality productivity of sports enterprises, but also provide a basis for expanding the implementation scope of the “National Sports Comsumption Pilot Cities” policy and offer references for sports enterprises to enhance their market competitiveness.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of mental fatigue (MF) on football players’aerobic endurance performance in 30-15 intermittent fitness test (30-15 _IFT). Methods：A randomized crossover controlled trial was employed. Twenty-two male amateur football players participated in a 45 min Stroop task (MF induction, experimental group) and emotionally neutral video viewing (control treatment, control group) in randomly, counter-balanced order with washout period ≥48 h. After each task, participants performed 30-15 _IFT test for aerobic endurance performance assessment. The primary recorded data includes visual analogue scale for mental fatigue (VAS-MF) and motivation (VAS-MO), Brunel Mood Scale Fatigue (BRUMS-F)and Brunel Mood Scale Vigor (BRUMS-V) before and after the task, average heart rate（HR_ave）during the task, visual analogue scale for mental exertion (VAS-ME) after the task, as well as rating of perceived exertion(RPE), HR_ave, and peak heart rate (HR_peak) during the 30-15_IFT test. Statistical analysis was mainly conducted using paired-sample t-tests and repeated measures ANOVA. Results：No significant between-group differences were observed in any baseline measures prior to task execution(all p> 0.05). During the task, the EG showed significantly different HRave values(p=0.031). Post-task assessments revealed significant differences in VAS-MF(p< 0.001), VAS-ME (p< 0.001), and BRUMS-F (p=0.027).The EG demonstrated significantly lower exhaustion time, exhaustion speed, and maximal oxygen uptake in the 30-15IFT compared to CG (TTE：p=0.034；VIFT：p=0.03；V_max（O₂）：p=0.029). There was no significant difference in motivation level between EG and CG before 30-15_IFT. The main effect of mental fatigue induction time was significant on both heart rate and RPE. Additionally, the main effect of mental fatigue intervention type significantly influenced RPE. Both EG and CG exhibited an increase in RPE as mental fatigue induction time prolonged (p< 0.001). Conclusion：MF impairs aerobic endurance performance of 30-15_IFT in male amateur football players.

Objective: To provide theoretical basis for our country to perfect the training and preparation strategies of biathlon. Methods: Literature research method, comparative analysis method, mathematical statistics method. Results: 1) The sample athletes from Norway, France, and Germany achieved better results in the long-distance races of the IBU Cup Series than those from other countries; 2) The Chinese sample athletes' Cross-Country Skiing speed maintenance and sprinting ability were lower than those of foreign sample athletes, and the shooting hit rate was low, the shooting area stayed for a long time, and the shooting rhythm was unstable； 3) The Chinese and foreign sample athletes had similarities in body shape, but there were certain differences in body fat rate and defatted body weight; 4) There were obvious differences in body shape, physiological function and sports quality between Chinese and foreign sample athletes;5) The focus of psychological monitoring of biathlon athletes in China and foreign countries is different, but there are differences in evaluation methods; 6) Chinese sample athletes place more emphasis on shooting training in the basic consolidation stage, and the training plans of foreign sample athletes place more emphasis on training with competition.Conclusion: 1) We can learn from the beneficial experience of Norway, France and Germany in the selection of reserve talents for biathlon, training methods and means, and international cooperation. 2) The biathlon athletes in our country should make up for the shortboard of skiing ability, improve aerobic endurance, strengthen the special project technology of conversion area, and improve shooting accuracy. 3) Our country's biathlon athletes should deal with the physical morphological characteristics of world-class biathlon athletes in foreign countries, starting from sports nutrition, strengthening muscle function training, grasping the special project characteristics of biathlon, adjusting physical training, and strengthening shooting psychological training intervention.In addition, our country should improve the physical fitness monitoring system of biathlon athletes and the psychological monitoring means of biathlon athletes.

Objective Explore the impact of family sports behavior on junior high school students’internet addiction, as well as the roles of father-son and mother-son relationships, and mental status in it. Method 815 junior high school students were surveyed using the Family Sports Behavior Environment Scale, 10-Item Internet Addiction Scale, Parent Child Intimacy Scale, and Mental Health Status Questionnaire for Chinese Middle School Students. Result 1) Family sports behavior is positively correlated with father-son relationship( p<0.001) and mother-son relationship (p<0.01), family sports behavior was negatively correlated with poor mental health status( p<0.01) and internet addiction (p<0.01); father-son relationship and mother-son relationship were respectively negatively correlated with poor mental health status(p<0.01) and internet addiction (p<0.01); poor mental health status was positively correlated with internet addiction(p<0.01). 2)Results of chain mediation analysis showed that the direct effect of family sports behavior on internet addiction was significant. At the same time, there were 3 indirect paths:①Father-son relationship and mother-son relationship played independent mediating roles respectively;②Mental health status played an independent mediating role in both father-son and mother-son chain mediation models(with effect sizes accounting for 44.1% and 46.8%, respectively); ③The chain mediation effect of the two types of parent-child relationships and mental health status(with effect sizes accounting for 11.9% and 9%, respectively). In addition, the mediating effect value of mother-son relationship in the path of “family sports behavior-parent-child relationship-internet addiction” was significantly higher than that of father-son relationship, but the difference was not significant. Conclusion:1) Family sports behavior was significantly positively correlated with both father-son and mother-son relationships, and significantly negatively correlated with mental health status and internet addiction; 2)This study reveals the parent-child relationship-mental health status path mechanism for solving internet addition among junior high school students through family sports behavior, which is an effective strategy to promote the physical and mental health of junior high school students.

Authentic problem situations in physical education classroom teaching serve as a core driver in the deepening phase of school physical education curriculum reform and provide strong support for effectively integrating the concepts of the new curriculum into teaching practice. Using the literature review and logical analysis, the study systematically explores the basic connotation, value dimension, and practical orientation of authentic problem situations in physical education classroom teaching, aiming to provide theoretical and practical guidance for contextual teaching in physical education classrooms. The study points out that the authentic problem situationis a teaching situation that contains the original contradiction of a particular sport and fosters the development of core literacy, which has the value of structured teaching content, promoting learning progression,and improving teaching evaluation. At the practical level, it is necessary to reshape the concepts of knowledge and teaching, create authentic problem situations by taking the core concepts of the curriculum as the unifying concept, emphasize the treatment of structured element and create situations led by authentic problems, The study proposes a six-step classroom implementation process-establishing, entering, immersing, exploring, transferring, and exiting the situation and discusses its application in different educational stages and various sports.

New quality productivity is an important driving force for promoting the high-quality development of the sports industry. To analyze the impact mechanism of new productive forces on the high-quality development of the sports industry, this study constructs a mediating effect model, a threshold effect model, and a spatial spillover effect model based on panel data from 20 provinces in China from 2015 to 2022, and empirically tests the impact mechanism between new quality productivity and high-quality development of the sports industry. The results indicate that new quality productivity significantly affects the high-quality development of the sports industry through technological innovation, digital technology, and green low-carbon technology; Regional innovation capability and rationalization of industrial structure play a positive mediating effect between new quality productivity and sports industry; There is a significant double threshold effect between new quality productivity and high-quality development of the sports industry, and this effect exhibits a U-shaped nonlinear characteristic; The spatial spillover effect indicates that new quality productivity can effectively promote the development of local sports industry, but it has a certain negative impact on adjacent areas. Based on these findings, relevant recommendations are proposed.

Gender equality is a key measure of social progress and an important goal for human beings to achieve sustainable development. With the implementation of“Transforming Our World - 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, the value of sport for the sustainable development of gender equality has been emphasized, and it has triggered a worldwide change in the concept of sport. Using the literature research method to explore the relationship between sport and the sustainable development of gender equality, we analyze the evolution of the United Nations’consensus on the promotion of sport for the sustainable development of gender equality and the impact it has had in the international community. The expected effects of the UN consensus on sport for the sustainable development of gender equality are summarized in three aspects: improving the physical fitness level of gender-disadvantaged people, promoting the popularization of the concept of gender equality in school physical education, and empowering women’s development. The analysis concludes that the implications for China are: 1) to emphasize the functional value of sport in promoting the sustainable development of gender equality; 2) to establish a basic guideline for the sustainable development of gender equality through sport; 3) to improve the legal system for the sustainable development of gender equality through sport; 4) to further create a cultural atmosphere for the promotion of gender equality through sport.

Physical Education and Health course has been the focus of attention in recent years. The Eighth National Survey on Student Physical Fitness and Health reported that students still have problems such as high myopia rates and rising rates of overweight and obesity. Physical education class is a main frontier for students and its impact on self-rated health has not been fully studied. Based on the survey data on children’s sports activity participation and sports needs in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, a sequential logistic model was used to explore the impact of physical education classes on primary and secondary school students’self-evaluated health and analyzes the regulatory mechanism of sports awareness through interaction terms. Based on the survey data of children’s participation in sports activities and sports needs in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region, this study uses a sequential logistic model to explore the impact of physical education classes on self-rated health of primary and secondary school students, and analyzes the regulatory mechanism of sports awareness through interaction terms. The study found that: the number of physical education classes per week, the attitude of participating in physical education classes, and the tendency to practice independently after physical education classes have significant positive impacts on the increasing self-evaluated health; sports identity also has a significant positive impact on self-rated health, and alleviates the attitude of participating in physical education classes, “crowding” or “not attending”physical education classes, and the widening effect of circumstances on self-rated health disparities. In the future, we can improve the self-evaluated health of primary and secondary school students and enhance the talent support for building sports power by increasing the number of physical education classes, promoting students’tendency to practice independently after physical education classes, improving the quality of physical education teaching, and cultivating sports interest and identity.

Purpose: To investigate how college students’positional characteristics in social networks influence the internalization of their exercise motivation, and to reveal the deep mechanism through which social network structure affects motivation formation. Methods: A social network analysis approach was used to survey 384 college students. Interpersonal networkswere constructed using the Social Relationship Questionnaire, and the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) was simultaneously administered to assess motivation types. UCINET 6.0 was used to calculate network centrality indexes, and segmented regression analysis and graph convolutional neural networks were used to identify nonlinear relationships. Results: The network betweenness centrality of internally motivated students (M=0.68) was significantly higher than that of amotivated students (M=0.43), with a significant difference (F=116.43, p<0.001). This implies that internally motivated students play a more prominent “bridge” role in the class, connecting different social circles. Betweenness centrality was the strongest predictor of exercise motivation (β=0.39, p<0.001), and when it exceeded a critical threshould of approximately 0.60, the positive impact of betweenness centrality on individual exercise motivation exhibited an accelerated growth trend. The final graph convolutional network model explained 59% of the variance in the overall exercise motivation score (R²=0.59). Conclusion: Individuals’ “bridge” position in social networks facilitates the internalization of exercise motivation by increasing their abilities to control information and resources, and satisfying their needs for autonomy and competence. This conclusion reveals the theoretical and practical pathways for improving college students’ participation in sports through optimizing social network structures, providing a new perspective for targeted interventions.

Cyberspace has opened up a new field for the dissemination of Wushu culture. However, while it promotes the exchange and dissemination of Wushu culture, it also leads to negative problems such as pseudo-master phenomenon and stigmatization, which have a serious impact on the network dissemination ecology of Wushu culture. In this study, literature research and online field investigation are used to systematically investigate the dilemma and challenges of Wushu culture communication in cyberspace, and to propose a multi-dimensional governance paths. It is found that the current Wushu communication in cyberspace is facing three dilemmas, namely, the polluted network image of the martial arts, the uncontrolled network public opinions of the martial arts, and the deviated network culture of the martial arts. The deep-seated challenges mainly stem from the following aspects: the decentralization of power in the construction of Wushu cyberspace leads to the loss of control of public opinions in Wushu cultural cyberspace; the alienation of mainstream interest distorts the habitus of the audience in Wushu culture cyberspace; the anonymous communication on the Internet leads to the symbolic violence of Wushu culture cyberspace, and the trans-temporal and trans-spatial nature of information results in the lag in the supervision of the Wushu cuture cyberspace. Based on this, this paper puts forward a governance framework from three dimensions: digital technology, public network and management system, aiming at building a healthy communication ecology of Wushu culture cyberspace and promoting the digital inheritance and sustainable development of traditional Wushu culture.

Under the perspective of developing new qality productivity, China’s sporting goods and related products manufacturing industry faces an urgent need to upgrade from traditional manufacturing to intelligent manufacturing. Using literature review, case analysis and qualitative research, this paper deeply explores the bottlenecks and breakthrough paths of “intelligent transformation and digital transition” in China’s sporting goods and related products manufacturing industry. The study found that although the sporting goods industry has made progress in intelligent transformation and digital transition, it still faces challenges in independent technology research and development, capital investment, talent cultivation, management models, and upstream and downstream collaborative digitalization of the industrial chain. Qualitative research reveals that “intelligent transformation and digital transition”promotes the transformation of corporate decision-making from experience-driven to data-driven, the transformation of corporate organizational structures to ward flexibility, and the transformation of employee roles from operators to enablers. Finally, it is proposed that bottlenecks can be broken through by strengthening independent technological innovation, optimizing cost accounting, strengthening financial support, changing talent training methods, innovating management models, promoting industrial chain collaboration, and building business formats.

Understanding the formation mechanism of tourists’environmentally responsible behavior plays a crucial role in promoting environmental protection at tourist destinations. This study selected two coastal tourist areas in Hainan Province, which are mainly focused on sports tourism and sightseeing tourism respectively, as the locations for distributing questionnaires. Using Structural Equation modeling(SEM) and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), the study explored the influencing factors and driving mechanisms of environmentally responsible behavior among sports tourists and sightseeing tourists. The results of the study show that: 1）Recreational experience preference and place attachment have a significant positive impact on environmental responsibility behavior. Recreational experience preference have a significant positive impact on place attachment, which also plays a partial mediating role in this process. 2）The recreational experience preference and place attachment of sports tourists have a more significant impact on their environmental responsible behavior. The promoting effect of sports tourists’recreational experience preference on their place attachment is more significant than that of sightseeing tourists. Additionally, the mediating role of place attachment in the relationship between recreational experience preferences and environmentally responsible behavior is more significant for sports tourists than for sightseeing tourists. 3）Eight endogenous factors form three configuration paths for sports tourists’environmentally responsible behavior and six configuration paths for sightseeing tourists’environmentally responsible behavior. 4）The environmentally responsible behavior of sports tourists is mainly characterized by an active emotional-driven mechanism, while that of sightseeing tourists is mainly characterized a more complex and diversified driving mechanism.

Skiing usually has the risk of sports injury, especially for beginners, their body parts are more likely to be injured. Existing studies have shown that the common body injuries of skiers are knee joint injury, shoulder joint injury, waist injury, ankle joint and foot injury, wrist joint and hand injury. The injury mechanism is usually related to external impact, incorrect skiing posture and skiing technology, fatigue and inadequate physical fitness, environmental factors of skiing venues, and inappropriate skiing equipment. At present, the systematic analysis of effective protective measures and rehabilitation training strategies is still insufficient. In the future, further research should be carried out from the aspects of innovation of sports science and technology, interdisciplinary cooperation, transformation of achievements, prevention and prediction of skiers’ body injuries.

Objective: To investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) combined with squat training on lower limb strength and anaerobic power in healthy adults. Methods： Thirty adults with extensive resistance training experience were selected to undergo two interventions randomly. composite training group (a-tDCS + resistance training, n=15) and single resistance training group (n=15). Both groups performed back barbell squat training twice a week for 5 weeks. The combined training group received 20-minutes a-tDCS intervention (current: 2mA) before each squat training session. A two-factor repeated-measures analysis of variance (intervention mode × test time) was used to compare the differences in squat 1 repetition maximum (1 RM) and lower extremity anaerobic work metrics, including peak power (PP), average power (AP), and power decline (PD), before and after interventions. Results: 1) After the 5-week training intervention, the 1RM performance of both groups was significantly improved compared with the pre-test (p<0.05), and the improvement of in 1RM squat performance in the composite training group was significantly better than that of the single training group (p<0.05); 2) no differences of PP, AP, FI between the pre and post-tests of the two groups were found to reach the level of significance (p>0.05). Conclusions: a-tDCS combined with resistance training is more effective in enhancing lower limb muscle strength than resistance training alone and a-tDCS can be used as an auxiliary training method to efficiently improve lower limb maximal strength in healthy adults.

Reshaping the talent cultivation model in physical education to foster top-notch creative talents is a crucial measure for implementing the Talent-Strong Nation strategy and advancing the strategy of building a Sport-Powerful Nation. Employing research methods such as literature review, field investigation, and expert interviews, this study explores the practical requirements, contemporary opportunities, developmental dilemmas, and pathways for reconstruction concerning the cultivation of top-notch creative talents in physical education from the perspective of industry-education integration. The study posits that the autonomous cultivation of top-notch creative talents in physical education by Chinese universities must respond to the demands at the levels of national strategic orientation, industrial development needs, and higher education reform. While benefiting from contemporary opportunities, this endeavor also confronts practical dilemmas, including a systemic deviation between educational philosophies and cultivation objectives, structural deficiencies in curriculum design and content allocation, a mismatch between the faculty’s competence structure and cultivation requirements, and the inadequate development of cultivation platforms and insufficient resource supply. It is proposed to reconstruct the cultivation philosophy for top-notch creative talents in physical education, construct a collaborative cultivation system, optimize the faculty team, refine the curriculum system, and improve and perfect the support mechanisms for the autonomous cultivation of these talents.

The Chinese drum dance has the characteristic of cultural inheritance, functional innovation and expandable artistic expression, but its creative transformation and innovative development are confronted with practical predicaments, like conservative development concepts, lack of theoretical framework, outdated inheritance methods, stereotypical performance forms and so on. Based on the“Three-Dimensional and One-Moment” perspective of Historical Function Theory, we can construct an analytical framework for the“historical tracing - situation assessment - strategy design”of Chinese drum dance. The analysis indicates that in-depth research should be conducted on the innovative development of Chinese drum which is included in the intangible cultural heritage protection system toward fitness-oriented development. It is proposed that the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese drum dance need to be approached from four aspects:concept, theory, method, and technology. First, in terms of conceptual innovation, making the past serve the present is the prerequisite, and promoting health is the mission. Second, in terms of theoretical innovation, Tra ditional Chinese Medicine meridian theory, brain function positioning theory, and micro-circulation theory provide new explanation for creative transformation of Chinese drum dance. Third, in terms of method innovation, we should take health promotion, balance exercises and diversity as problem orientation, take simulation, convenience, economy and standardization as transformation principles, and take scientific, ingenious, practical and reasonable as transformation thoughts. Fourth, in terms of technical innovation, it is essential to connect the patting skills with meridian and acupoints, connect fundamental steps with drum dance steps, and integrate the drumbeat rhythms with music melodies.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effects of aquatic aerobic exercise (AE) on improving pain level and physical function in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods: Literature searches were conducted via computer across databases, academic platforms, and research engines to identify randomized controlled trials(RCTs) investigating AE for KOA. The search timeframe was from the establishment of each database/platform/research engine to January 2025. Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment using the relevant tool. Meta-analysis was conducted using the relevant software. Results: Eighteen RCTs comprising 1,305 KOA patients were included. Compared with control interventions, AE produced significant reductions in pain [S = -0.65, 95% CI (-0.87, -0.43), p< 0.001] and improvements in physical function [S = -0.52, 95% CI (-0.70, -0.35), p < 0.001], with the therapeutic effects (i.e.,pain reduction and physical function improvement) persisting for 1-6 months. Subgroup analyses revealed that AE was superior to no treatment or conventional physical therapy, whereas no statistically significant differences were observed between AE and land-based exercise [pain: D = -0.25, 95% CI (-0.65, 0.16), p = 0.23; function: S = -0.11, 95% CI (-0.47, 0.24), p = 0.53]. Conclusion Aquatic exercise is an effective intervention for alleviating pain and improving physical function in KOA patients, demonstrating comparable efficacy to land-based exercise and superiority over no treatment or conventional physical therapy. AE is worthy of promotion and application in clinical practice; however, its optimal prescription parameters and long-term effects require further investigation.

As a quintessential economic model for developing new-quality productive forces, the low-altitude economy offers a novel solution to break through the bottlenecks in the transformation and upgrading of the outdoor sports industry.Employing literature research and logical analysis methods, this study examines the underlying mechanisms through which the low-altitude economy facilitates the transformation and upgrading of the outdoor sports industry. Findings reveal:Lagging development of supporting policies for the integrated development of the low-altitude economy and outdoor sports industry, coupled with inadequate support from relevant management systems; Unresolved key technological bottlenecks in the low-altitude economy, with insufficient adaptability of these technologies for applications in the outdoor sports industry; Mismatched infrastructure deployment in the low-altitude economy sector with the needs of the outdoor sports industry, and a shortage of specialized talent for low-altitude sports is scarce; Underdeveloped consumer market cultivation mechanisms for low-altitude sports products or services, leading to insufficient depth of integration between the low-altitude economy and the outdoor sports industry; Incomplete legal and regulatory framework for low-altitude sports, and weak capabilities for preventing and controlling low-altitude flight safety risks. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, efforts should focus on systematically enhancing the enabling role of the low-altitude economy in the transformation and upgrading of the outdoor sports industry. This includes improving relevant supporting policies, focusing on key technologies for low-altitude sports, coordinating the planning of low-altitude flight airspace infrastructure, establishing robust market cultivation mechanisms for low-altitude sports, and refining the legal and regulatory framework for low-altitude sports.

Textbook Illustrations are the second language that complements the textual content, and it is an important medium to realize the same direction of subject teaching and ideological and political education. From the point of view of curriculum-based ideological and political education, the illustrations in the student book for junior high school Physical Education and Health courses serve as effective vehicles for shaping junior high school students’ values, facilitating the acquisition of motor skills, expressing promoting sportsmanship, and fostering healthy lifestyles. However, the current illustration design of the student books for the junior high school Physical Education and Health course has the problems of inaccurate grasp of students’ physical and mental characteristics, rigid integration of ideological and political elements, limited exploration of excellent traditional Chinese sports culture, and the lack of interactive experience design, which is attributed to the fact that the illustration design concepts need to be updated, the illustration creation mechanism is inadequate, the necessary resources invested in illustration creation are insufficient, and the degree of application of digital illustration technology is relatively low. Accordingly, the following improvement paths are proposed: 1) to further promote the effective combination and optimization of textbook illustrations; 2) to construct scientific and reasonable evaluation standards for textbook illustrations; 3) to promote the use of digital illustration technology; 4) to form a multi-party textbook illustration creation team; and 5) to build and use a resource-sharing platform for textbook illustrations.

Based on panel data from China’s 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) from 2012 to 2021, this study employs a two-way fixed-effects model to empirically examine the impact of the integrated development of the sports and tourism industries on common prosperity, and further analyze the mediating effects, regional heterogeneity, and spatial spillover effects. The results indicate that:1) Regarding the direct effect, the integrated development of the sports and tourism industries in China’s 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government)significantly and positively promotes regional common prosperity in China, and this finding remains robust after addressing endogeneity issues and performingrobustness checks;2) In terms of mediating effects, the integrated development of the sports and tourism industries in China’s 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) facilitates the upgrading of industrial structure, thereby enhancing regional common prosperity in China;3) With respect to regional heterogeneity, the integrated development exerts a significantly positive impact on common prosperity in eastern, central, and western regions of China, with the magnitude of the effect diminishing in the order: eastern regions > western regions> central regions ;4) Concerning spatial spillover effects, the integrated development of sports and tourism industries not only improves common prosperity in sports-tourism destinations,but also benefits their neighboring regions.Based on these findings, relevant recommendations are proposed.

To explore the research hotspots and development trends of the Olympic Movement, this study takes the relevant literatures indexed in two Chinese and foreign literature databases as the analytical basis, and uses CiteSpace software to conduct a visual analysis of the above-mentioned Chinese and English documents. The research findings are as follows: 1) In terms of publication quantity, English literatures on the Olympic Movement appeared earlier and have shown a relatively steady increase in publication volume, while Chinese literatures emerged later, with the quantity surging to a peak in 2008 and gradually declining after the event; 2) In terms of publication countries and institutions, the United States has the largest number of publications, followed by China; scholars from European countries dominate the theoretical research of the Olympic Movement, while scholars from Middle Eastern countries have emerged prominently; 3) In terms of research hotspots and evolutionary pathways, Chinese literatures focus on the connotations and its related concepts of the Olympic Movement, the Olympic Games, Olympic culture, and the Olympic spirit, emphasizing the connection between Olympic culture and China’s local sports practice, English literatures explore multi-faceted perspectives from a global view, with research themes reflecting interdisciplinary and multi-directional characteristics; 4)In terms of research frontiers, Chinese and English literatures share commonalities but also have different focuses. Finally, based on the national strategy of constructing a sports power nation, suggestions are proposed from the perspectives of theoretical construction, academic practice, and policy transformation.